First-past-the-post
For a general constituency seat, the candidate with the most valid votes wins. Because a majority is not required, a candidate may win while most voters supported other candidates. National vote share therefore does not translate proportionally into general seats.
Why geography matters
Votes concentrated efficiently in winnable constituencies can produce more seats than a similar number spread thinly across the country. Regional strength, alliances and candidate selection are therefore decisive.
Reserved seats
The Constitution reserves representation for women and non-Muslims. These seats are allocated through party lists and formulas linked to party performance, not through a separate direct vote for each reserved-seat member.
Coalition formation
If no party commands the required National Assembly majority, parties and independents negotiate support. The largest party is not automatically guaranteed government; the decisive question is who can secure election as prime minister and maintain confidence.
Four numbers every results page should distinguish
- Votes received.
- General constituency seats won.
- Reserved seats allocated.
- Dated parliamentary party position after later changes.
Sources and further reading
Last reviewed: 22 July 2026. If you spot an error, please use our corrections process.
